For at nå dette mål er vi nødt til at skabe permutation af alle tilladte veje. For eksempel:
type Structure = {
user: {
name: string,
surname: string
}
}
type BlackMagic<T>= T
// user.name | user.surname
type Result=BlackMagic<Structure>
Problemet bliver mere interessant med arrays og tomme tupler.
Tuple, arrayet med eksplicit længde, bør styres på denne måde:
type Structure = {
user: {
arr: [1, 2],
}
}
type BlackMagic<T> = T
// "user.arr" | "user.arr.0" | "user.arr.1"
type Result = BlackMagic<Structure>
Logikken er ligetil. Men hvordan kan vi håndtere number[] ? Der er ingen garanti for, at indeks 1 eksisterer.
Jeg har besluttet at bruge user.arr.${number} .
type Structure = {
user: {
arr: number[],
}
}
type BlackMagic<T> = T
// "user.arr" | `user.arr.${number}`
type Result = BlackMagic<Structure>
Vi har stadig 1 problem. Tom tupel. Array med nul elementer - [] . Skal vi overhovedet tillade indeksering? Jeg ved ikke. Jeg besluttede at bruge -1 .
type Structure = {
user: {
arr: [],
}
}
type BlackMagic<T> = T
// "user.arr" | "user.arr.-1"
type Result = BlackMagic<Structure>
Jeg tror, at det vigtigste her er en konvention. Vi kan også bruge strenget `"aldrig". Jeg tror, det er op til OP, hvordan det skal håndteres.
Da vi ved, hvordan vi skal håndtere forskellige sager, kan vi starte vores implementering. Før vi fortsætter, skal vi definere flere hjælpere.
type Values<T> = T[keyof T]
{
// 1 | "John"
type _ = Values<{ age: 1, name: 'John' }>
}
type IsNever<T> = [T] extends [never] ? true : false;
{
type _ = IsNever<never> // true
type __ = IsNever<true> // false
}
type IsTuple<T> =
(T extends Array<any> ?
(T['length'] extends number
? (number extends T['length']
? false
: true)
: true)
: false)
{
type _ = IsTuple<[1, 2]> // true
type __ = IsTuple<number[]> // false
type ___ = IsTuple<{ length: 2 }> // false
}
type IsEmptyTuple<T extends Array<any>> = T['length'] extends 0 ? true : false
{
type _ = IsEmptyTuple<[]> // true
type __ = IsEmptyTuple<[1]> // false
type ___ = IsEmptyTuple<number[]> // false
}
Jeg tror, at navngivning og test er selvforklarende. Jeg vil i hvert fald tro :D
Nu, når vi har alle vores hjælpeprogrammer, kan vi definere vores hovedfunktion:
/**
* If Cache is empty return Prop without dot,
* to avoid ".user"
*/
type HandleDot<
Cache extends string,
Prop extends string | number
> =
Cache extends ''
? `${Prop}`
: `${Cache}.${Prop}`
/**
* Simple iteration through object properties
*/
type HandleObject<Obj, Cache extends string> = {
[Prop in keyof Obj]:
// concat previous Cacha and Prop
| HandleDot<Cache, Prop & string>
// with next Cache and Prop
| Path<Obj[Prop], HandleDot<Cache, Prop & string>>
}[keyof Obj]
type Path<Obj, Cache extends string = ''> =
// if Obj is primitive
(Obj extends PropertyKey
// return Cache
? Cache
// if Obj is Array (can be array, tuple, empty tuple)
: (Obj extends Array<unknown>
// and is tuple
? (IsTuple<Obj> extends true
// and tuple is empty
? (IsEmptyTuple<Obj> extends true
// call recursively Path with `-1` as an allowed index
? Path<PropertyKey, HandleDot<Cache, -1>>
// if tuple is not empty we can handle it as regular object
: HandleObject<Obj, Cache>)
// if Obj is regular array call Path with union of all elements
: Path<Obj[number], HandleDot<Cache, number>>)
// if Obj is neither Array nor Tuple nor Primitive - treat is as object
: HandleObject<Obj, Cache>)
)
// "user" | "user.arr" | `user.arr.${number}`
type Test = Extract<Path<Structure>, string>
Der er et lille problem. Vi bør ikke returnere rekvisitter på højeste niveau, såsom user . Vi har brug for stier med mindst én prik.
Der er to måder:
- udtræk alle rekvisitter uden prikker
- angiv en ekstra generisk parameter til indeksering af niveauet.
To muligheder er nemme at implementere.
Få alle rekvisitter med dot (.) :
type WithDot<T extends string> = T extends `${string}.${string}` ? T : never
Mens ovenstående util kan læses og vedligeholdes, er den anden en smule sværere. Vi skal angive en ekstra generisk parameter i begge Path og HandleObject .Se dette eksempel taget fra andre spørgsmål
/ artikel
:
type KeysUnion<T, Cache extends string = '', Level extends any[] = []> =
T extends PropertyKey ? Cache : {
[P in keyof T]:
P extends string
? Cache extends ''
? KeysUnion<T[P], `${P}`, [...Level, 1]>
: Level['length'] extends 1 // if it is a higher level - proceed
? KeysUnion<T[P], `${Cache}.${P}`, [...Level, 1]>
: Level['length'] extends 2 // stop on second level
? Cache | KeysUnion<T[P], `${Cache}`, [...Level, 1]>
: never
: never
}[keyof T]
Helt ærligt, så tror jeg ikke, det vil være let for nogen at læse dette.
Vi skal implementere en ting mere. Vi skal opnå en værdi ved hjælp af beregnet sti.
type Acc = Record<string, any>
type ReducerCallback<Accumulator extends Acc, El extends string> =
El extends keyof Accumulator ? Accumulator[El] : Accumulator
type Reducer<
Keys extends string,
Accumulator extends Acc = {}
> =
// Key destructure
Keys extends `${infer Prop}.${infer Rest}`
// call Reducer with callback, just like in JS
? Reducer<Rest, ReducerCallback<Accumulator, Prop>>
// this is the last part of path because no dot
: Keys extends `${infer Last}`
// call reducer with last part
? ReducerCallback<Accumulator, Last>
: never
{
type _ = Reducer<'user.arr', Structure> // []
type __ = Reducer<'user', Structure> // { arr: [] }
}
Du kan finde flere oplysninger om brug af Reduce i min blog
.
Hele koden:
type Structure = {
user: {
tuple: [42],
emptyTuple: [],
array: { age: number }[]
}
}
type Values<T> = T[keyof T]
{
// 1 | "John"
type _ = Values<{ age: 1, name: 'John' }>
}
type IsNever<T> = [T] extends [never] ? true : false;
{
type _ = IsNever<never> // true
type __ = IsNever<true> // false
}
type IsTuple<T> =
(T extends Array<any> ?
(T['length'] extends number
? (number extends T['length']
? false
: true)
: true)
: false)
{
type _ = IsTuple<[1, 2]> // true
type __ = IsTuple<number[]> // false
type ___ = IsTuple<{ length: 2 }> // false
}
type IsEmptyTuple<T extends Array<any>> = T['length'] extends 0 ? true : false
{
type _ = IsEmptyTuple<[]> // true
type __ = IsEmptyTuple<[1]> // false
type ___ = IsEmptyTuple<number[]> // false
}
/**
* If Cache is empty return Prop without dot,
* to avoid ".user"
*/
type HandleDot<
Cache extends string,
Prop extends string | number
> =
Cache extends ''
? `${Prop}`
: `${Cache}.${Prop}`
/**
* Simple iteration through object properties
*/
type HandleObject<Obj, Cache extends string> = {
[Prop in keyof Obj]:
// concat previous Cacha and Prop
| HandleDot<Cache, Prop & string>
// with next Cache and Prop
| Path<Obj[Prop], HandleDot<Cache, Prop & string>>
}[keyof Obj]
type Path<Obj, Cache extends string = ''> =
(Obj extends PropertyKey
// return Cache
? Cache
// if Obj is Array (can be array, tuple, empty tuple)
: (Obj extends Array<unknown>
// and is tuple
? (IsTuple<Obj> extends true
// and tuple is empty
? (IsEmptyTuple<Obj> extends true
// call recursively Path with `-1` as an allowed index
? Path<PropertyKey, HandleDot<Cache, -1>>
// if tuple is not empty we can handle it as regular object
: HandleObject<Obj, Cache>)
// if Obj is regular array call Path with union of all elements
: Path<Obj[number], HandleDot<Cache, number>>)
// if Obj is neither Array nor Tuple nor Primitive - treat is as object
: HandleObject<Obj, Cache>)
)
type WithDot<T extends string> = T extends `${string}.${string}` ? T : never
// "user" | "user.arr" | `user.arr.${number}`
type Test = WithDot<Extract<Path<Structure>, string>>
type Acc = Record<string, any>
type ReducerCallback<Accumulator extends Acc, El extends string> =
El extends keyof Accumulator ? Accumulator[El] : El extends '-1' ? never : Accumulator
type Reducer<
Keys extends string,
Accumulator extends Acc = {}
> =
// Key destructure
Keys extends `${infer Prop}.${infer Rest}`
// call Reducer with callback, just like in JS
? Reducer<Rest, ReducerCallback<Accumulator, Prop>>
// this is the last part of path because no dot
: Keys extends `${infer Last}`
// call reducer with last part
? ReducerCallback<Accumulator, Last>
: never
{
type _ = Reducer<'user.arr', Structure> // []
type __ = Reducer<'user', Structure> // { arr: [] }
}
type BlackMagic<T> = T & {
[Prop in WithDot<Extract<Path<T>, string>>]: Reducer<Prop, T>
}
type Result = BlackMagic<Structure>
This implementering er værd at overveje