Luk, men ikke cigar:
SELECT
FromEnc.EncodingName AS FromEncoding,
ToEnc.EncodingName AS ToEncoding
FROM EncodingMapping
INNER JOIN Encoding AS FromEnc
ON FromEnc.ID=EncodingMapping.EncodingFromId_FK
INNER JOIN Encoding AS ToEnc
ON ToEnc.ID=EncodingMapping.EncodingToId_FK
WHERE EncodingMapping.ItemId_FK = 45