sql server automatiseret daglig tabelopdeling

Vedligeholdelse af glidende vinduespartitioner udføres normalt ved hjælp af et planlagt script eller en lagret procedure (SQL Server Agent-job eller andet planlægningssystem). Vedligeholdelse bør planlægges for at undgå kostbar dataflytning under SPLIT og MERGE fordi det kræver omkring 4 gange så meget logning som normale DML-operationer. Til dette formål skal du sørge for, at partitionen, der indeholder grænseværdien, er tom før MERGE og ingen rækker er større end den angivne grænse, når SPLIT . Jeg foreslår at oprette et par ekstra fremtidige partitioner som en buffer for at undgå dataflytning i tilfælde af at vedligeholdelsen ikke køres som planlagt.

Nedenfor er et eksempel på et script til vedligeholdelse af dagligt skydevindue. Dette bruger en lignende opdelt iscenesættelsestabel til udrensningen, da du bruger SQL Server 2005 og partitionsniveau TRUNCATE blev introduceret i SQL Server 2016. Bemærk, at SQL Server 2005 ikke understøttes.

Jeg kan se fra din kommentar, at du mener, at en separat filgruppe/fil pr. partition kan være nyttig til at droppe partitioner, men det er ikke tilfældet. Dette eksempel bruger en enkelt filgruppe for alle partitioner.

--example setup
CREATE PARTITION FUNCTION PF_Date (datetime) AS
    RANGE RIGHT FOR VALUES();
CREATE PARTITION SCHEME PS_LogTable AS
    PARTITION PF_Date ALL TO ([PRIMARY]);
DECLARE @PartitionBoundaryDate datetime = DATEADD(day, -31, DATEADD(day, DATEDIFF(day, '', GETDATE()), ''));

WHILE @PartitionBoundaryDate < DATEADD(day, 1, GETDATE())
BEGIN
    ALTER PARTITION SCHEME PS_LogTable NEXT USED [PRIMARY];
    ALTER PARTITION FUNCTION PF_Date() SPLIT RANGE(@PartitionBoundaryDate);
    SET @PartitionBoundaryDate = DATEADD(day, 1, @PartitionBoundaryDate)
END;
CREATE TABLE dbo.LogTable(DateColumn datetime INDEX cdx CLUSTERED) ON PS_LogTable(DateColumn);
CREATE TABLE dbo.LogTable_Staging(DateColumn datetime INDEX cdx CLUSTERED) ON PS_LogTable(DateColumn);
GO

--example partition maintenance scheduled nightly after midnight
BEGIN TRY
    SET NOCOUNT ON;
    SET XACT_ABORT ON;
    DECLARE @RetentionDays int = 31;
    DECLARE @FutureDays int = 7;
    DECLARE @OldestRetainedDate datetime = DATEADD(day, [email protected], DATEADD(day, DATEDIFF(day, '', GETDATE()), ''));
    DECLARE @LatestRetainedDate datetime = DATEADD(day, DATEDIFF(day, '', GETDATE()), '');
    DECLARE @LatestFutureBoundaryDate datetime = DATEADD(day, @FutureDays, @LatestRetainedDate);
    DECLARE @PartitionBoundaryDate datetime;
    DECLARE @Message nvarchar(2048);

    --make sure staging table is empty
    TRUNCATE TABLE dbo.LogTable_Staging;

    BEGIN TRAN;
    --aquire exclusive table lock to avoid deadlocking during maintenance
    SELECT TOP(0) @PartitionBoundaryDate = DateColumn FROM dbo.LogTable WITH(TABLOCKX);

    --purge partition 1 in case data older than the first boundary was inserted
    SET @Message = 'Purging partition 1';
    PRINT @Message;
    ALTER TABLE dbo.LogTable SWITCH
        PARTITION 1 TO
        dbo.LogTable_Staging PARTITION 1;
    TRUNCATE TABLE dbo.LogTable_Staging;

    --purge and remove expired partitions
    DECLARE @PartitionBoundaries TABLE(PartitionBoundaryDate datetime NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY);
    INSERT INTO @PartitionBoundaries(PartitionBoundaryDate)
        SELECT CAST(prv.value AS datetime)
        FROM sys.partition_functions AS pf
        JOIN sys.partition_range_values AS prv ON prv.function_id = pf.function_id
        WHERE
            pf.name = N'PF_Date'
            AND CAST(prv.value AS datetime) < @OldestRetainedDate;
    DECLARE ExpiredPartitionBoundaries CURSOR LOCAL FAST_FORWARD FOR
        SELECT PartitionBoundaryDate
        FROM @PartitionBoundaries;

    OPEN ExpiredPartitionBoundaries;
    WHILE 1 = 1
    BEGIN
        FETCH NEXT FROM ExpiredPartitionBoundaries INTO @PartitionBoundaryDate;
        IF @@FETCH_STATUS = -1 BREAK;
        SET @Message = 'Purging data for ' + CONVERT(char(10), @PartitionBoundaryDate, 120);
        PRINT @Message;
        ALTER TABLE dbo.LogTable SWITCH
            PARTITION $PARTITION.PF_Date(@PartitionBoundaryDate) TO
            dbo.LogTable_Staging PARTITION $PARTITION.PF_Date(@PartitionBoundaryDate);
        TRUNCATE TABLE dbo.LogTable_Staging;
        ALTER PARTITION FUNCTION PF_Date() MERGE RANGE(@PartitionBoundaryDate);
    END;
    CLOSE ExpiredPartitionBoundaries;
    DEALLOCATE ExpiredPartitionBoundaries;

    --create partitions for future days
    SET @PartitionBoundaryDate = DATEADD(day, 1, @LatestRetainedDate);
    WHILE @PartitionBoundaryDate < = @LatestFutureBoundaryDate
    BEGIN
        IF NOT EXISTS(SELECT 1
            FROM sys.partition_functions AS pf
            JOIN sys.partition_range_values AS prv ON prv.function_id = pf.function_id
            WHERE
                pf.name = N'PF_Date'
                AND CAST(prv.value AS datetime) = @PartitionBoundaryDate
        )
        BEGIN
            SET @Message = 'Creating partition for ' + CONVERT(char(10), @PartitionBoundaryDate, 120);
            PRINT @Message;
            ALTER PARTITION SCHEME PS_LogTable NEXT USED [PRIMARY];
            ALTER PARTITION FUNCTION PF_Date() SPLIT RANGE(@PartitionBoundaryDate);
        END;
        SET @PartitionBoundaryDate = DATEADD(day, 1, @PartitionBoundaryDate);
    END;

    COMMIT;
END TRY
BEGIN CATCH

    IF @@TRANCOUNT > 0 ROLLBACK;

    --better to use THROW in SQL 2012 and later
    DECLARE
         @ErrorNumber int
        ,@ErrorMessage nvarchar(2048)
        ,@ErrorSeverity int
        ,@ErrorState int
        ,@ErrorLine int;

    SELECT
        @ErrorNumber =ERROR_NUMBER()
        ,@ErrorMessage =ERROR_MESSAGE()
        ,@ErrorSeverity = ERROR_SEVERITY()
        ,@ErrorState =ERROR_STATE()
        ,@ErrorLine =ERROR_LINE();

    RAISERROR('Error %d caught at line %d: %s'
        ,@ErrorSeverity
        ,@ErrorState
        ,@ErrorNumber
        ,@ErrorLine
        ,@ErrorMessage);

END CATCH;
GO