Denne artikel viser SQL'en INSERT
syntaks, som implementeret af forskellige databasestyringssystemer (DBMS'er). Syntaksen er angivet nøjagtigt som hver leverandør har angivet den på deres hjemmeside. Klik på det relevante link for at se flere detaljer om syntaksen for en bestemt leverandør.
De dækkede DBMS'er er MySQL, SQL Server, PostgreSQL og Oracle Database.
MySQL
Fra MySQL 5.7 Reference Manual:
INSERT [LOW_PRIORITY | DELAYED | HIGH_PRIORITY] [IGNORE] [INTO]tbl_name
[PARTITION (partition_name
,...)] [(col_name
,...)] {VALUES | VALUE} ({expr
| DEFAULT},...),(...),... [ ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATEcol_name
=expr
[,col_name
=expr
] ... ]
Eller:
INSERT [LOW_PRIORITY | DELAYED | HIGH_PRIORITY] [IGNORE] [INTO]tbl_name
[PARTITION (partition_name
,...)] SETcol_name
={expr
| DEFAULT}, ... [ ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATEcol_name
=expr
[,col_name
=expr
] ... ]
Eller:
INSERT [LOW_PRIORITY | HIGH_PRIORITY] [IGNORE] [INTO]tbl_name
[PARTITION (partition_name
,...)] [(col_name
,...)] SELECT ... [ ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATEcol_name
=expr
[,col_name
=expr
] ... ]
SQL-server
Fra Transact-SQL-referencen:
[ WITH <common_table_expression> [ ,...n ] ] INSERT { [ TOP ( expression ) [ PERCENT ] ] [ INTO ] { <object> | rowset_function_limited [ WITH ( <Table_Hint_Limited> [ ...n ] ) ] } { [ ( column_list ) ] [ <OUTPUT Clause> ] { VALUES ( { DEFAULT | NULL | expression } [ ,...n ] ) [ ,...n ] | derived_table | execute_statement | <dml_table_source> | DEFAULT VALUES } } } [;]
<object> ::= { [ server_name . database_name . schema_name . | database_name .[ schema_name ] . | schema_name . ] table_or_view_name } <dml_table_source> ::= SELECT <select_list> FROM ( <dml_statement_with_output_clause> ) [AS] table_alias [ ( column_alias [ ,...n ] ) ] [ WHERE <search_condition> ] [ OPTION ( <query_hint> [ ,...n ] ) ] <column_definition> ::= column_name <data_type> [ COLLATE collation_name ] [ NULL | NOT NULL ] <data type> ::= [ type_schema_name . ] type_name [ ( precision [ , scale ] | max ]
-- External tool only syntax INSERT { [BULK] [ database_name . [ schema_name ] . | schema_name . ] [ table_name | view_name ] ( <column_definition> ) [ WITH ( [ [ , ] CHECK_CONSTRAINTS ] [ [ , ] FIRE_TRIGGERS ] [ [ , ] KEEP_NULLS ] [ [ , ] KILOBYTES_PER_BATCH = kilobytes_per_batch ] [ [ , ] ROWS_PER_BATCH = rows_per_batch ] [ [ , ] ORDER ( { column [ ASC | DESC ] } [ ,...n ] ) ] [ [ , ] TABLOCK ] ) ] } [; ]
PostgreSQL
Fra PostgreSQL 9.5-manualen:
[ WITH [ RECURSIVE ] with_query [, ...] ] INSERT INTO table_name [ AS alias ] [ ( column_name [, ...] ) ] { DEFAULT VALUES | VALUES ( { expression | DEFAULT } [, ...] ) [, ...] | query } [ ON CONFLICT [ conflict_target ] conflict_action ] [ RETURNING * | output_expression [ [ AS ] output_name ] [, ...] ] where conflict_target can be one of: ( { index_column_name | ( index_expression ) } [ COLLATE collation ] [ opclass ] [, ...] ) [ WHERE index_predicate ] ON CONSTRAINT constraint_name and conflict_action is one of: DO NOTHING DO UPDATE SET { column_name = { expression | DEFAULT } | ( column_name [, ...] ) = ( { expression | DEFAULT } [, ...] ) | ( column_name [, ...] ) = ( sub-SELECT ) } [, ...] [ WHERE condition ]
Oracle-database
Fra Oracle Database Online Documentation 12c Udgivelse 1 (12.1):
INSERT [ hint ] { single_table_insert | multi_table_insert } ;
Nedenfor er en beskrivelse af klausulerne og deres komponentunderklausuler.
single_table_insert ::=
insert_into_clause { values_clause [ returning_clause ] | subquery } [ error_logging_clause ]
insert_into_clause ::=
INTO dml_table_expression_clause [ t_alias ] [ (column [, column ]...) ]
values_clause ::=
VALUES ({ expr | DEFAULT } [, { expr | DEFAULT } ]... )
returning_clause::=
{ RETURN | RETURNING } expr [, expr ]... INTO data_item [, data_item ]...
multi_table_insert ::=
{ ALL { insert_into_clause [ values_clause ] [error_logging_clause] }... | conditional_insert_clause } subquery
conditional_insert_clause ::=
[ ALL | FIRST ] WHEN condition THEN insert_into_clause [ values_clause ] [ error_logging_clause ] [ insert_into_clause [ values_clause ] [ error_logging_clause ] ]... [ WHEN condition THEN insert_into_clause [ values_clause ] [ error_logging_clause ] [ insert_into_clause [ values_clause ] [ error_logging_clause ] ]... ]... [ ELSE insert_into_clause [ values_clause ] [ error_logging_clause ] [ insert_into_clause [ values_clause ] [ error_logging_clause ] ]... ]
DML_table_expression_clause::=
{ [ schema. ] { table [ partition_extension_clause | @ dblink ] | { view | materialized view } [ @ dblink ] } | ( subquery [ subquery_restriction_clause ] ) | table_collection_expression }
partition_extension_clause::=
{ PARTITION (partition) | PARTITION FOR (partition_key_value [, partition_key_value]...) | SUBPARTITION (subpartition) | SUBPARTITION FOR (subpartition_key_value [, subpartition_key_value]...) }
subquery_restriction_clause::=
WITH { READ ONLY | CHECK OPTION } [ CONSTRAINT constraint ]
table_collection_expression ::=
TABLE (collection_expression) [ (+) ]
error_logging_clause ::=
LOG ERRORS [ INTO [schema.] table ] [ (simple_expression) ] [ REJECT LIMIT { integer | UNLIMITED } ]
Om INSERT Erklæring
Den INSERT statement indsætter nye rækker i en tabel. Du kan indsætte en eller flere rækker, der er angivet med værdiudtryk, eller nul eller flere rækker, der stammer fra en forespørgsel.