Sådan rettes "ALTER TABLE SWITCH statement failed" Msg 4982 (SQL Server)

Hvis du får fejlmeddelelse 4982 i SQL Server, er det, fordi din kildetabel ikke har en begrænsning, der begrænser data til kun det område, der understøttes af den partition, du forsøger at skifte til.

Eksempel på fejl

Sådan ser fejlen ud:

Msg 4982, Level 16, State 1, Line 1
ALTER TABLE SWITCH statement failed. Check constraints of source table 'Test.dbo.OrdersOld' allow values that are not allowed by range defined by partition 3 on target table 'Test.dbo.OrdersNew'.

Den nøjagtige ordlyd vil afhænge af dine tabelnavne, partitionen, miljøet osv.

Når du forsøger at skifte data til en ny partition, vil du være sikker på, at dataene overholder området for den partition. For eksempel, hvis din partition har et interval på 1 til 10, vil du ikke ved et uheld sætte værdier mellem 11 og 20 derinde.

SQL Server vil også gerne være sikker, og det er derfor, du får denne fejl. Når du prøver at skifte data, ser SQL Server på kildetabellen for en CHECK begrænsning, der begrænser dataene til det område, der er angivet i destinationspartitionen. Hvis den ikke finder en, får du denne fejl.

For at rette dette skal du tilføje en CHECK begrænsning til kildetabellen, og sørg for, at den begrænser data til det område, der understøttes af den partition, du skifter til.

Eksempel på problemkode

Her er koden, der forårsagede fejlen:

ALTER DATABASE Test ADD FILEGROUP OrdersNewFg1;
GO

ALTER DATABASE Test ADD FILE (  
    NAME = OrdersNewFg1dat,  
    FILENAME = '/var/opt/mssql/data/OrdersNewFg1dat.ndf',  
    SIZE = 5MB,  
    MAXSIZE = 100MB,  
    FILEGROWTH = 5MB
    )  
TO FILEGROUP OrdersNewFg1;
GO

ALTER DATABASE Test ADD FILEGROUP OrdersNewFg2;
GO

ALTER DATABASE Test ADD FILE (  
    NAME = OrdersNewFg2dat,  
    FILENAME = '/var/opt/mssql/data/OrdersNewFg2dat.ndf',  
    SIZE = 5MB,  
    MAXSIZE = 100MB,  
    FILEGROWTH = 5MB
    )  
TO FILEGROUP OrdersNewFg2;
GO
ALTER DATABASE Test ADD FILEGROUP OrdersNewFg3;
GO

ALTER DATABASE Test ADD FILE (  
    NAME = OrdersNewFg3dat,  
    FILENAME = '/var/opt/mssql/data/OrdersNewFg3dat.ndf',  
    SIZE = 5MB,  
    MAXSIZE = 100MB,  
    FILEGROWTH = 5MB
    )  
TO FILEGROUP OrdersNewFg3;
GO
ALTER DATABASE Test ADD FILEGROUP OrdersNewFg4;
GO

ALTER DATABASE Test ADD FILE (  
    NAME = OrdersNewFg4dat,  
    FILENAME = '/var/opt/mssql/data/OrdersNewFg4dat.ndf',  
    SIZE = 5MB,  
    MAXSIZE = 100MB,  
    FILEGROWTH = 5MB
    )  
TO FILEGROUP OrdersNewFg4;
GO

CREATE PARTITION FUNCTION OrdersNewPartitionFunction (date)  
    AS RANGE RIGHT FOR VALUES (
        '20200201', 
        '20200301',
        '20200401'
    );
GO

CREATE PARTITION SCHEME OrdersNewPartitionScheme
    AS PARTITION OrdersNewPartitionFunction  
    TO (
        OrdersNewFg1,
        OrdersNewFg2,
        OrdersNewFg3,
        OrdersNewFg4
        );  
GO

CREATE TABLE OrdersOld (
    OrderDate date NOT NULL,
    OrderId int IDENTITY NOT NULL,
    OrderDesc varchar(255) NOT NULL,
    CONSTRAINT chkDate CHECK (OrderDate >= '20200301' AND OrderDate < '20200401'),
    CONSTRAINT PKOrdersOld PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED(OrderDate,OrderId)
    )
    ON OrdersNewFg3;
GO

INSERT INTO OrdersOld(OrderDate, OrderDesc) VALUES
    ('20200302', 'Cat food'),
    ('20200315', 'Water bowl'),
    ('20200318', 'Saddle for camel'),
    ('20200321', 'Dog biscuits'),
    ('20200328', 'Bigfoot shoes');
GO

CREATE TABLE OrdersNew (
    OrderDate date NOT NULL,
    OrderId int IDENTITY NOT NULL,
    OrderDesc varchar(255) NOT NULL
    )  
    ON OrdersNewPartitionScheme (OrderDate),
    CONSTRAINT PKOrdersNew PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED(OrderDate,OrderId);  
GO

ALTER TABLE OrdersOld
SWITCH TO OrdersNew PARTITION 3;

Resultat:

Msg 4982, Level 16, State 1, Line 1
ALTER TABLE SWITCH statement failed. Check constraints of source table 'Test.dbo.OrdersOld' allow values that are not allowed by range defined by partition 3 on target table 'Test.dbo.OrdersNew'.

Løsning

Her er den samme kode, men denne gang med den passende CHECK begrænsning tilføjet.

ALTER DATABASE Test ADD FILEGROUP OrdersNewFg1;
GO

ALTER DATABASE Test ADD FILE (  
    NAME = OrdersNewFg1dat,  
    FILENAME = '/var/opt/mssql/data/OrdersNewFg1dat.ndf',  
    SIZE = 5MB,  
    MAXSIZE = 100MB,  
    FILEGROWTH = 5MB
    )  
TO FILEGROUP OrdersNewFg1;
GO

ALTER DATABASE Test ADD FILEGROUP OrdersNewFg2;
GO

ALTER DATABASE Test ADD FILE (  
    NAME = OrdersNewFg2dat,  
    FILENAME = '/var/opt/mssql/data/OrdersNewFg2dat.ndf',  
    SIZE = 5MB,  
    MAXSIZE = 100MB,  
    FILEGROWTH = 5MB
    )  
TO FILEGROUP OrdersNewFg2;
GO
ALTER DATABASE Test ADD FILEGROUP OrdersNewFg3;
GO

ALTER DATABASE Test ADD FILE (  
    NAME = OrdersNewFg3dat,  
    FILENAME = '/var/opt/mssql/data/OrdersNewFg3dat.ndf',  
    SIZE = 5MB,  
    MAXSIZE = 100MB,  
    FILEGROWTH = 5MB
    )  
TO FILEGROUP OrdersNewFg3;
GO
ALTER DATABASE Test ADD FILEGROUP OrdersNewFg4;
GO

ALTER DATABASE Test ADD FILE (  
    NAME = OrdersNewFg4dat,  
    FILENAME = '/var/opt/mssql/data/OrdersNewFg4dat.ndf',  
    SIZE = 5MB,  
    MAXSIZE = 100MB,  
    FILEGROWTH = 5MB
    )  
TO FILEGROUP OrdersNewFg4;
GO

CREATE PARTITION FUNCTION OrdersNewPartitionFunction (date)  
    AS RANGE RIGHT FOR VALUES (
        '20200201', 
        '20200301',
        '20200401'
    );
GO

CREATE PARTITION SCHEME OrdersNewPartitionScheme
    AS PARTITION OrdersNewPartitionFunction  
    TO (
        OrdersNewFg1,
        OrdersNewFg2,
        OrdersNewFg3,
        OrdersNewFg4
        );  
GO

CREATE TABLE OrdersOld (
    OrderDate date NOT NULL,
    OrderId int IDENTITY NOT NULL,
    OrderDesc varchar(255) NOT NULL,
    CONSTRAINT chkDate CHECK (OrderDate >= '20200301' AND OrderDate < '20200401'),
    CONSTRAINT PKOrdersOld PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED(OrderDate, OrderId)
    )
    ON OrdersNewFg3;
GO

INSERT INTO OrdersOld(OrderDate, OrderDesc) VALUES
    ('20200302', 'Cat food'),
    ('20200315', 'Water bowl'),
    ('20200318', 'Saddle for camel'),
    ('20200321', 'Dog biscuits'),
    ('20200328', 'Bigfoot shoes');
GO

CREATE TABLE OrdersNew (
    OrderDate date NOT NULL,
    OrderId int IDENTITY NOT NULL,
    OrderDesc varchar(255) NOT NULL,
    CONSTRAINT PKOrdersNew PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED(OrderDate, OrderId)
    )  
    ON OrdersNewPartitionScheme (OrderDate);  
GO

ALTER TABLE OrdersOld
SWITCH TO OrdersNew PARTITION 3;

Resultat:

Commands completed successfully.

Dataene er nu blevet skiftet til partitionen.