Jeg tror, du har to problemer i gang her.
For det første fungerer eliminering af medlemskab kun i bestemte, specifikke situationer (PK-PK, PK-FK osv.). Det er ikke en generel ting, hvor du kan LEFT JOIN til ethvert rækkesæt, der returnerer en enkelt række for hver joinnøgleværdi og får Oracle til at fjerne joinforbindelsen.
For det andet, selv hvis Oracle var avanceret nok til at eliminere medlemskab på ENHVER LEFT JOIN hvor den vidste, at den kun ville få én række pr. joinnøgleværdi, understøtter Oracle endnu ikke join-elimineringer på LEFT JOINS der er baseret på en sammensat nøgle (Oracle supportdokument 887553.1 siger, at dette kommer i R12.2).
En løsning, du kunne overveje, er at materialisere en visning med den sidste række for hver product_id . Derefter LEFT JOIN til det materialiserede syn. Sådan:
create table product(
product_id number not null
,constraint product_pk primary key(product_id)
);
create table product_color(
product_id number not null references product
,color varchar2(10) not null
,constraint product_color_pk primary key(product_id)
);
create table product_price(
product_id number not null references product
,from_date date not null
,price number not null
,constraint product_price_pk primary key (product_id, from_date )
);
-- Add a VIRTUAL column to PRODUCT_PRICE so that we can get all the data for
-- the latest row by taking the MAX() of this column.
alter table product_price add ( sortable_row varchar2(80) generated always as ( lpad(product_id,10,'0') || to_char(from_date,'YYYYMMDDHH24MISS') || lpad(price,10,'0')) virtual not null );
-- Create a MV snapshot so we can materialize a view having only the latest
-- row for each product_id and can refresh that MV fast on commit.
create materialized view log on product_price with sequence, primary key, rowid ( price ) including new values;
-- Create the MV
create materialized view product_price_latest refresh fast on commit enable query rewrite as
SELECT product_id, max( lpad(product_id,10,'0') || to_char(from_date,'YYYYMMDDHH24MISS') || lpad(price,10,'0')) sortable_row
FROM product_price
GROUP BY product_id;
-- Create a primary key on the MV, so we can do join elimination
alter table product_price_latest add constraint ppl_pk primary key ( product_id );
-- Insert the OP's test data
insert into product values(1);
insert into product values(2);
insert into product values(3);
insert into product values(4);
insert into product_color values(1, 'Red');
insert into product_color values(2, 'Green');
insert into product_price ( product_id, from_date, price ) values(1, date '2016-01-01', 10 );
insert into product_price ( product_id, from_date, price) values(1, date '2016-02-01', 8);
insert into product_price ( product_id, from_date, price) values(1, date '2016-05-01', 5);
insert into product_price ( product_id, from_date, price) values(2, date '2016-02-01', 5);
insert into product_price ( product_id, from_date, price) values(4, date '2016-01-01', 10);
commit;
-- Create the 5NF view using the materialized view
create or replace view product_5nf as
select p.product_id
,pc.color
,to_date(substr(ppl.sortable_row,11,14),'YYYYMMDDHH24MISS') from_date
,to_number(substr(ppl.sortable_row,25)) price
from product p
left join product_color pc on pc.product_id = p.product_id
left join product_price_latest ppl on ppl.product_id = p.product_id
;
-- The plan for this should not include any of the unnecessary tables.
select product_id from product_5nf;
-- Check the plan
SELECT *
FROM TABLE (DBMS_XPLAN.display_cursor (null, null,
'ALLSTATS LAST'));
------------------------------------------------
| Id | Operation | Name | E-Rows |
------------------------------------------------
| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | |
| 1 | INDEX FULL SCAN | PRODUCT_PK | 1 |
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